std::hash <std::optional>

 

C++

Language

Standard library headers

Concepts

Utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Algorithms library

Iterators library

Numerics library

Input/output library

Localizations library

Regular expressions library (C++11)

Atomic operations library (C++11)

Thread support library (C++11)

Filesystem library (C++17)

Technical Specifications

 

Utilities library

Type support (basic types, RTTI, type traits)

Dynamic memory management

Error handling

Program utilities

Variadic functions

Date and time

Function objects

initializer_list (C++11)

bitset

hash (C++11)

Relational operators

rel_ops::operator!=rel_ops::operator>rel_ops::operator<=rel_ops::operator>=

optional, any and variant (C++17)

optional

any

variant

in_placein_place_tin_place_type_tin_place_index_t

Pairs and tuples

pair

tuple (C++11)

apply (C++17)

make_from_tuple (C++17)

piecewise_construct_t (C++11)

piecewise_construct (C++11)

integer_sequence (C++14)

Swap, forward and move

swap

exchange (C++14)

forward (C++11)

move (C++11)

move_if_noexcept (C++11)

Type operations

declval (C++11)

as_const (C++17)

 

std::optional

Member functions

optional::optional

optional::~optional

optional::operator=

Observers

optional::operator->optional::operator*

optional::operator booloptional::has_value

optional::value

optional::value_or

Modifiers

optional::emplace

optional::swap

optional::reset

Non-member functions

operator==operator!=operator<operator<=operator>operator>=

make_optional

swap

Helper classes

hash

nullopt_t

in_place_t

bad_optional_access

Helper objects

nullopt

in_place

 

Defined in header <optional>
template<class T> struct hash<std::optional<T>>;		(since C++17)

The template specialization of std::hash for the std::optional class allows users to obtain hashes of the values contained in optional objects.

For an object o of type std::optional<T> that contains a value, std::hash<std::optional<T>>()(o) evaluates to the same value as std::hash<T>()(*o). For an optional that does not contain a value, the hash is unspecified.

Template parameters

T

-

the type of the value contained in optional object. The specialization std::hash<T> must meet the requirements of class template hash.

Example

Run this code

#include <optional>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std::literals;
int main()
{
    // hash<optional> makes it possible to use unordered_set
    std::unordered_set<std::optional<std::string>> s = {
            "abc"s, std::nullopt, "def"s
    };
 
    for(const auto& o : s)
        std::cout << o.value_or("(null)") << ' ';
}

Possible output:

def abc (null)

See also

hash (C++11)

hash function object (class template)