Null-terminated wide strings

 

C++

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Technical Specifications

 

Strings library

Null-terminated strings

Byte strings

Multibyte strings

Wide strings

Classes

basic_string

basic_string_view (C++17)

char_traits

 

Null-terminated wide strings

Functions
Character manipulation
iswalnum iswalpha iswlower iswupper iswdigit iswxdigit iswblank (C++11) wctype iswctype	iswcntrl iswgraph iswspace iswprint iswpunct towlower towupper wctrans towctrans
Conversions to numeric formats
wcstolwcstoll (C++11) wcstoulwcstoull (C++11)	wcstofwcstodwcstold (C++11)(C++11) wcstoimaxwcstouimax (C++11)(C++11)
String manipulation
wcslen wcscpy wcsncpy wcscat wcsncat wcscmp wcscoll wcsncmp	wcsxfrm wcschr wcsrchr wcspbrk wcsspn wcscspn wcsstr wcstok
Array manipulation
wmemcpy
wmemmove
wmemcmp
wmemchr
wmemset

 

A null-terminated wide string is a sequence of valid wide characters, ending with a null character.

Functions

Character classification
Defined in header <cwctype>
iswalnum	checks if a wide character is alphanumeric (function)
iswalpha	checks if a wide character is alphabetic (function)
iswlower	checks if a wide character is lowercase (function)
iswupper	checks if a wide character is an uppercase character (function)
iswdigit	checks if a wide character is a digit (function)
iswxdigit	checks if a character is a hexadecimal character (function)
iswcntrl	checks if a wide character is a control character (function)
iswgraph	checks if a wide character is a graphical character (function)
iswspace	checks if a wide character is a space character (function)
iswblank (C++11)	checks if a wide character is a blank character (function)
iswprint	checks if a wide character is a printing character (function)
iswpunct	checks if a wide character is a punctuation character (function)
iswctype	classifies a wide character according to the specified LC_CTYPE category (function)
wctype	looks up a character classification category in the current C locale (function)
Character manipulation
Defined in header <cwctype>
towlower	converts a wide character to lowercase (function)
towupper	converts a wide character to uppercase (function)
towctrans	performs character mapping according to the specified LC_CTYPE mapping category (function)
wctrans	looks up a character mapping category in the current C locale (function)

ASCII values			characters	iscntrl iswcntrl	isprint iswprint	isspace iswspace	isblank iswblank	isgraph iswgraph	ispunct iswpunct	isalnum iswalnum	isalpha iswalpha	isupper iswupper	islower iswlower	isdigit iswdigit	isxdigit iswxdigit
decimal	hexadecimal	octal
0–8	\x0–\x8	\0–\10	control codes (NUL, etc.)	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9	\x9	\11	tab (\t)	≠0	0	≠0	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
10–13	\xA–\xD	\12–\15	whitespaces (\n, \v, \f, \r)	≠0	0	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
14–31	\xE–\x1F	\16–\37	control codes	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
32	\x20	\40	space	0	≠0	≠0	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
33–47	\x21–\x2F	\41–\57	!"#$%&'()*+,-./	0	≠0	0	0	≠0	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0
48–57	\x30–\x39	\60–\71	0123456789	0	≠0	0	0	≠0	0	≠0	0	0	0	≠0	≠0
58–64	\x3A–\x40	\72–\100	:;<=>?@	0	≠0	0	0	≠0	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0
65–70	\x41–\x46	\101–\106	ABCDEF	0	≠0	0	0	≠0	0	≠0	≠0	≠0	0	0	≠0
71–90	\x47–\x5A	\107–\132	GHIJKLMNOP QRSTUVWXYZ	0	≠0	0	0	≠0	0	≠0	≠0	≠0	0	0	0
91–96	\x5B–\x60	\133–\140	[\]^_`	0	≠0	0	0	≠0	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0
97–102	\x61–\x66	\141–\146	abcdef	0	≠0	0	0	≠0	0	≠0	≠0	0	≠0	0	≠0
103–122	\x67–\x7A	\147–\172	ghijklmnop qrstuvwxyz	0	≠0	0	0	≠0	0	≠0	≠0	0	≠0	0	0
123–126	\x7B–\x7E	\172–\176	{|}~	0	≠0	0	0	≠0	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0
127	\x7F	\177	backspace character (DEL)	≠0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Conversions to numeric formats
Defined in header <cwchar>
wcstolwcstoll	converts a wide string to an integer value (function)
wcstoulwcstoull	converts a wide string to an unsigned integer value (function)
wcstofwcstodwcstold	converts a wide string to a floating point value (function)
Defined in header <cinttypes>
wcstoimaxwcstoumax (C++11)(C++11)	converts a wide string to std::intmax_t or std::uintmax_t (function)

String manipulation
Defined in header <cwchar>
wcscpy	copies one wide string to another (function)
wcsncpy	copies a certain amount of wide characters from one string to another (function)
wcscat	appends a copy of one wide string to another (function)
wcsncat	appends a certain amount of wide characters from one wide string to another (function)
wcsxfrm	transform a wide string so that wcscmp would produce the same result as wcscoll (function)
String examination
Defined in header <cwchar>
wcslen	returns the length of a wide string (function)
wcscmp	compares two wide strings (function)
wcsncmp	compares a certain amount of characters from two wide strings (function)
wcscoll	compares two wide strings in accordance to the current locale (function)
wcschr	finds the first occurrence of a wide character in a wide string (function)
wcsrchr	finds the last occurrence of a wide character in a wide string (function)
wcsspn	returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the wide characters found in another wide string (function)
wcscspn	returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the wide not found in another wide string (function)
wcspbrk	finds the first location of any wide character in one wide string, in another wide string (function)
wcsstr	finds the first occurrence of a wide string within another wide string (function)
wcstok	finds the next token in a wide string (function)

Wide character array manipulation
Defined in header <cwchar>
wmemcpy	copies a certain amount of wide characters between two non-overlapping arrays (function)
wmemmove	copies a certain amount of wide characters between two, possibly overlapping, arrays (function)
wmemcmp	compares a certain amount of wide characters from two arrays (function)
wmemchr	finds the first occurrence of a wide character in a wide character array (function)
wmemset	copies the given wide character to every position in a wide character array (function)

Types

Defined in header <cwctype>
wctrans_t	scalar type that holds locale-specific character mapping
wctype_t	scalar type that holds locale-specific character classification
Defined in header <cwctype>
Defined in header <cwchar>
wint_t	integer type that can hold any valid wide character and at least one more value

Macros

Defined in header <cwchar>
WEOF	a non-character value of type wint_t used to indicate errors (macro constant)
WCHAR_MIN	the smallest valid value of wchar_t (macro constant)
WCHAR_MAX	the largest valid value of wchar_t (macro constant)